Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy-related condition characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to organs, most commonly the liver and kidneys. It typically occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy and can develop suddenly, even in women with no previous history of hypertension. The exact cause of preeclampsia remains unclear, but it is thought to involve abnormal development of blood vessels in the placenta, leading to reduced blood flow.

Common symptoms of preeclampsia include persistent high blood pressure, protein in the urine (proteinuria), severe headaches, vision changes (such as blurriness or light sensitivity), upper abdominal pain, swelling of the hands and face, and sudden weight gain. If left untreated, preeclampsia can progress to eclampsia, which includes seizures and poses life-threatening risks for both the mother and baby. It can also lead to complications such as preterm birth, placental abruption, and organ failure.

Management of preeclampsia depends on the severity and stage of pregnancy. Mild cases may be monitored closely with frequent check-ups, blood pressure monitoring, and rest. In more severe cases, hospitalization may be required to control blood pressure and assess fetal well-being. The only definitive cure for preeclampsia is the delivery of the baby. Therefore, if the condition worsens or the pregnancy is far enough along, early delivery may be necessary. Early diagnosis, regular prenatal care, and awareness of warning signs are essential to ensure the safety of both mother and child.