What is Pelvic Organ Prolapse?
Pelvic organ prolapse happens when the muscles and tissues in the pelvis become weak. Because of this, organs like the bladder, uterus, or rectum may drop or press into the vagina. This condition is common, especially in women who have given birth. However, it can affect anyone. Pelvic organ prolapse can cause discomfort, but many treatment options are available. According to the World Health Organization, pelvic floor disorders affect millions of women worldwide.
Common Symptoms
Pelvic organ prolapse symptoms can vary from mild to severe. Some people may not notice any signs at first. Still, it is important to watch for changes. Early treatment can help prevent the problem from getting worse.
Feeling of pressure or fullness in the pelvis
Bulge or lump in the vagina
Leaking urine or trouble controlling the bladder
Difficulty with bowel movements
Lower back pain
Discomfort during sex
Feeling like something is falling out of the vagina
Sometimes, symptoms get worse when standing or lifting heavy objects. But lying down may bring relief.
Causes and Risk Factors
There are several causes of pelvic organ prolapse. Most often, it happens when the pelvic floor muscles become weak or stretched. This can occur for many reasons.
Childbirth, especially after multiple or difficult deliveries
Getting older and going through menopause
Being overweight or obese
Chronic coughing or straining, such as from constipation
Heavy lifting over time
Previous pelvic surgery
Family history of pelvic organ prolapse
Even though anyone can develop this condition, women are at higher risk. But men can also experience pelvic floor problems, though it is less common.
Diagnosis Methods
Doctors use several methods to diagnose pelvic organ prolapse. First, they will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, a physical exam is done to check the pelvic area. Sometimes, special tests are needed to see how well the bladder or bowels work. For example, your doctor may use:
Pelvic exam to check for bulges or weakness
Ultrasound or MRI to view the pelvic organs
Bladder tests to check for leaks or blockages
Early diagnosis can help you get the right treatment for pelvic organ prolapse.
Treatment Options
Treatment for pelvic organ prolapse depends on how severe the symptoms are. Some people need only simple changes, while others may need medical help. Your doctor will help you choose the best plan.
Lifestyle changes: Losing weight, avoiding heavy lifting, and treating constipation can help.
Pelvic floor exercises: Kegel exercises strengthen the muscles and may improve symptoms.
Pessary device: A small device placed in the vagina supports the organs.
Medications: Sometimes, hormone therapy helps after menopause.
Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be needed to repair or support the pelvic organs.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, most women find relief with non-surgical treatments.
Prevention and Lifestyle Tips
While not all cases can be prevented, you can lower your risk. Here are some tips on how to prevent pelvic organ prolapse:
Do pelvic floor exercises regularly
Maintain a healthy weight
Avoid heavy lifting when possible
Treat constipation quickly
Stop smoking to reduce coughing
Eat a high-fiber diet for regular bowel movements
Even small changes can make a big difference over time. If you have questions, ask your doctor for advice on prevention.
When to See a Doctor
If you notice any pelvic organ prolapse symptoms, do not wait. Early care can help you feel better and prevent problems. See a doctor if you:
Feel a bulge or pressure in your pelvis
Have trouble controlling your bladder or bowels
Experience pain or discomfort during sex
Notice symptoms getting worse
Remember, many people find relief with early treatment. Your doctor can help you find the best solution for your needs. For personalized guidance on pelvic organ prolapse, consult specialist Ankita Ghatak today and take the first step toward bett